Multiplicity Results for Periodic Solutions to Second-Order Difference Equations

By using the Z _p geometrical index theory, some sufficient conditions on the multiplicity results of periodic solutions to the second-order difference equations

基于可靠度的结构优化的序列近似规划算法

基于可靠度的优化的最直观解法是把可靠度和优化的各自算法搭配一起形成嵌套两层次迭代。为改善其收敛性提高计算效率,人们提出了功能测度法、半无限规划法、单层次算法等多种改进方法。本文对传统结构优化界的经典序列近似规划法改造并扩展应用于求解基于可靠度的结构优化问题,构造该问题的序列近似规划模型和求解过程;其核心思想是在每个近似规划子问题中采用近似可靠度指标对设计变量的线性近似,在优化迭代过程中同步更新设计变量和随机空间中的近似验算点坐标,以达到可靠度分析和优化迭代同步收敛的目标。为了算法的实施,还推导出近似可靠度指标的半解析灵敏度计算公式,编制了程序,最终实现与通用软件的连接。论文用算例证实算法的有效性。     

光纤陀螺随机游走系数的分析研究

分析了产生随机游走误差的机理,分别采用有关标准和Allan方差进行了随机游走系数的分析和计算。结果表明:随机游走系数是衡量光纤陀螺噪声水平的重要指标,其值的大小体现了陀螺的极限精度。采用Allan方法表述光纤陀螺的静态指标,物理概念清晰,方法简便。     

结构体系的非概率可靠性分析方法

结构体系的可靠性与结构的失效模式有关。在非概率条件下 ,结构体系的可靠性取决于非概率可靠性指标最小的最危险失效模式。最危险失效模式的识别及相应极限状态方程的建立是结构体系非概率可靠性计算的关键问题。文中考虑了结构参数及强度、外载荷等参量的不确定性 ,基于随机可靠性方法中常用的优化准则法 ,提出了非概率结构体系主要失效模式的枚举准则。可在只需枚举出少量主要失效模式的情况下 ,不漏掉最危险失效模式。并提出用区间增量载荷法生成主要失效模式的极限状态方程。算例分析表明文中方法是实用和有效的。     

Laser Doppler anemometry measurements of laminar flow in helical pipes

Three-dimensional laser Doppler anemometry measurements are performed on developed laminar flow in three helical pipes. The experimental observations are compared to results of numerical calculations employing the fully elliptic numerical method. Good agreement is found between measured data and numerical results. The three helical pipes, with curvature ratios of 0.0734 and 0.1374 and non-dimensional pitches of 0.0793 and 0.193, are adopted to study the effects of curvature and pitch on laminar flow in the experimental approach. The range of Reynolds numbers is 500–2000 to ensure laminar flow in the entire helical pipe. Both the profile shapes of the normal components of the secondary flow and those of the axial flow along the same centerline present not only similar patterns but also similar change when pitch, curvature ratio, and Reynolds number vary. The results demonstrate comprehensive relationships between the axial flow and the secondary flow.     

非饱和土的广义朗肯土压力

本文从 4条基本假设出发 ,建立了非饱和土的广义朗肯土压力公式 ,采用理想试验对该公式进行了验证 ,在北京地铁13号线的东直门车站基坑工程中理论分析结果和实测值非常接近 ,证明了该理论的有效性。土的广义朗肯土压力公式建立了土的试验指标与原位指标的关系 ,从理论上给出了用土的试验指标得到原位主动 (被动 )土压力的方法。对于非饱和土 ,采用简单易得的直剪试验指标应用广义朗肯土压力公式就可以得到相当精确的结果 ,弥补了扩展朗肯土压力理论的不足。而且广义朗肯土压力公式能够合理利用已有的工程经验和工程数据 ,为非饱和土力学的工程实用化提供了一条新的思路。     

Electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides as transparent electrode and anti-reflection coating for solar cells

We have studied the electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides (ITSOs) as transparent electrodes and anti-reflection coatings for Si-based solar cells. The ITSO thin films were obtained by co-sputtering of ITO and SiO₂ targets under target power control. The resistivity of the ITSO thin films deposited at 0.625 in terms of power ratio (ITO/SiO₂) were 391 Ωcm. In this condition, the ITSO thin films showed very high resistivity compared to sputted pure ITO thin films (1.08 × 10⁻³ Ωcm). However, refractive index of ITSO thin films deposited at the same condition at 500 nm is somewhat lowered to 1.97 compared to ITO thin films (2.06). The fabricated graded refractive index AR coatings using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ thin films kept over 80% of transmittance regardless of their thickness varing from 97 nm to 1196 nm because of their low extinction coefficient. As the AR coating with graded refractive indices using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ layers was applied to general silicon-based solar cell, the current level increased nearly twice more than that of bare silicon solar cell without AR coating.     

定向回归反射玻璃微珠折射率研究

从理论上分析了玻璃微珠定向回归反射原理,利用近轴光线球面折射理论分析了玻璃微珠实现回归反射的折射率,并结合实际使用情况,在最大可能增加回归反射的基础上,讨论了入射光线到主光轴的距离与回归光线和入射光线夹角之间的关系,从而确定出了实现最大反射时玻璃微珠的折射率范围为1.80~1.95,研究结果对回归反射标志牌的开发具有重要的理论意义。     

Neighbor Distinguishing Edge Colorings Via the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz Revisited

Consider a simple graph and its proper edge coloring c with the elements of the set . We say that c is neighbor set distinguishing (or adjacent strong) if for every edge , the set of colors incident with u is distinct from the set of colors incident with v. Let us then consider a stronger requirement and suppose we wish to distinguishing adjacent vertices by sums of their incident colors. In both problems the challenging conjectures presume that such colorings exist for any graph G containing no isolated edges if only . We prove that in both problems is sufficient. The proof is based on the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz, applied in the “sum environment.” In fact the identical bound also holds if we use any set of k real numbers instead of as edge colors, and the same is true in list versions of the both concepts. In particular, we therefore obtain that lists of length ( in fact) are sufficient for planar graphs.     

向量值空间中的几何酉元

研究向量值空间中的几何酉元.通过数值指标理论刻画向量值空间C(Ω,X),L_∞(μ,X)和L(l_1(Γ),X)中几何酉元的特征,其中X是Banach空间,Ω是紧Hausdorff空间,μ是σ有限测度以及Γ是非空指标集.同时,描述了Banach空间的内射张量积和投射张量积中几何酉元的特征.